Dziwani Galasi la Crystal

Chikho cha Crystal Nthawi zambiri amatanthauza chikho kapena galasi la vinyo lopangidwa ndi galasi lopanda lead lomwe lingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa ukadaulo ndi luso, galasi la kristalo lagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chikho cha tiyi ndipo lakhala lokondedwa ndi anthu amakono munthawi yatsopano; Mtundu wina ndi galasi lofala la vinyo wa kristalo. Makristalo opanda lead amakondedwa kwambiri ndi ogula ndi opanga zinthu chifukwa cha kuwonekera bwino komanso kuwala kwawo. Choyamba, makapu a kristalo nawonso ndi mtundu wa chikho chagalasi, ndipo gawo lawo lalikulu ndi silicon dioxide, kuphatikiza zinthu monga lead, barium, zinc, ndi titanium. Chifukwa cha kuwonekera bwino kwake komanso chizindikiro chake chowongolera, mtundu uwu wagalasi uli ndi mawonekedwe osalala komanso owoneka bwino a kristalo, motero amatchedwa galasi la kristalo. Ngati lead ilowetsedwa, ndi kristalo wa lead. Ngati zinthu monga barium, zinc, titanium zilowetsedwa, ndi kristalo wopanda lead. Kodi mungasiyanitse bwanji ziwirizi? Kungokhudza. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwamphamvu kwa kristalo poyerekeza ndi galasi, kukhudza kristalo ndi manja kuyenera kukhala kozizira kuposa kukhudza galasi. Yang'anani kuuma kwake. Kuuma kwa kristalo wachilengedwe ndi 7, ndipo kuuma kwagalasi ndi 5, kotero kristalo imatha kupanga galasi. Yang'anani chizindikiro cha refractive index katatu. Kwezani chikho cha kristalo ndikuchizungulira kupita ku kuwala, ndipo mudzapeza kuti chili ngati ntchito yopangidwa ndi manja yokongola, yoyera bwino, yowonekera bwino, yowunikira kuwala kokongola kokongola. Chifukwa makristalo amatha kuyamwa kuwala, ngakhale kuwala kwa ultraviolet, magalasi wamba alibe kuwala, osanena za refraction. Mvetserani mawu anayi. Kugogoda pang'onopang'ono kapena kusuntha chidebecho ndi zala zanu, magalasi a kristalo amatha kutulutsa phokoso lachitsulo lolimba komanso phokoso lokongola lokhalitsa mlengalenga, pomwe magalasi wamba amangotulutsa phokoso losamveka bwino la "click, click".

Njira ndi makhalidwe ake. Thupi la chikho cha kristalo limapangidwa ndi galasi lapamwamba kwambiri ndipo limakonzedwa mosamala ndikuwotchedwa ndi luso lapamwamba kwambiri. Limagwiritsa ntchito njira yowotcha kutentha kwambiri ya 640 ℃ kuti lifike pachimake chofunikira cha kusungunuka kwa galasi la kristalo, komwe kumakhala kowonekera bwino, koyera komanso kopanda poizoni. Nthawi yomweyo, njira yothira madzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuonetsetsa kuti thupi la chikho likhoza kupirira kusintha kwa kutentha ndi kuzizira nthawi yomweyo, kukana kuphulika ndi ming'alu, palibe vacuum ya mchira, ndipo lili ndi mawonekedwe owonekera kwambiri, kumva kwamphamvu kwa galasi, kukana kuvala, ndi zina zotero. Ndi loyera bwino, lokongola komanso lopatsa. Nthawi yomweyo, kapangidwe ka galasi la magawo awiri kali ndi mphamvu yozizizira komanso kutentha; Pakamwa pa chikhocho pamapukutidwa bwino ndi ukadaulo wapadera, kupereka kukoma kosangalatsa akamamwa; Kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kapangidwe koyenera, komanso kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Ubwino wa makapu a kristalo: Monga membala wofunikira pazinthu za chikho, zinthu za chikho cha kristalo zawonetsa pang'onopang'ono ubwino wawo m'madzi akumwa. Ubwino wa zinthu zopangidwa ndi makapu a kristalo ndi monga: pamwamba pa galasi la kristalo ndi losalala, losavuta kuyeretsa, lathanzi komanso laukhondo, pomwe makapu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, makapu a dothi lofiirira, ndi zina zotero ali ndi mipata pamwamba pake yomwe singathe kuwonedwa ndi maso. Mabakiteriya, zonyansa, madontho a tiyi, ndi zina zotero zimamangiriridwa mosavuta komanso zimakhala zovuta kuyeretsa; Makapu a kristalo ndi owonekera bwino komanso oyera, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wowona mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa tiyi wophikidwa ndi zakumwa zina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso chosangalatsa; Makapu a kristalo ali ndi mphamvu yoziziritsira komanso kutentha, ndipo ali ndi mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yopangira tiyi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tiyi azikoma bwino komanso aziphika mobwerezabwereza. Kapangidwe ka vacuum ka makapu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kangapangitse kuti masamba a tiyi akhale omata panthawi yopangira tiyi, zomwe zimakhudza kukoma kwake; Mawonekedwe okongola pa chikho cha kristalo amasiyanasiyana komanso amapangidwa bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chakumwacho chikhale chogwirizana ndi kukoma kwa wogwiritsa ntchito; Makristalo apamwamba kwambiri Makapu a Galasi, chifukwa cha luso lawo lopangidwa ndi manja komanso kulongedza bwino zinthu, zakhala mphatso zabwino kwambiri komanso zinthu zosonkhanitsidwa pamodzi.